Beginners Guide to Options What is an option An option is a contract giving the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset (a stock or index) at a specific price on or before a certain date. An option is a derivative. That is, its value is derived from something else. In the case of a stock option, its value is based on the underlying stock (equity). In the case of an index option, its value is based on the underlying index (equity). An option is a security, just like a stock or bond, and constitutes a binding contract with strictly defined terms and properties. Options vs. Stocks Similarities: Listed Options are securities, just like stocks. Options trade like stocks, with buyers making bids and sellers making offers. Options are actively traded in a listed market, just like stocks. They can be bought and sold just like any other security. Differences: Options are derivatives, unlike stocks (i. e, options derive their value from something else, the underlying security). Options have expiration dates, while stocks do not. There is not a fixed number of options, as there are with stock shares available. Stockowners have a share of the company, with voting and dividend rights. Options convey no such rights. Call Options and Put Options Some people remain puzzled by options. The truth is that most people have been using options for some time, because option-ality is built into everything from mortgages to auto insurance. In the listed options world, however, their existence is much more clear. To begin, there are only two kinds of options: Call Options and Put Options. A Call option is an option to buy a stock at a specific price on or before a certain date. In this way, Call options are like security deposits. If, for example, you wanted to rent a certain property, and left a security deposit for it, the money would be used to insure that you could, in fact, rent that property at the price agreed upon when you returned. If you never returned, you would give up your security deposit, but you would have no other liability. Call options usually increase in value as the value of the underlying instrument increases. When you buy a Call option, the price you pay for it, called the option premium, secures your right to buy that certain stock at a specified price, called the strike price. If you decide not to use the option to buy the stock, and you are not obligated to, your only cost is the option premium. Put options are options to sell a stock at a specific price on or before a certain date. In this way, Put options are like insurance policies. If you buy a new car, and then buy auto insurance on the car, you pay a premium and are, hence, protected if the asset is damaged in an accident. If this happens, you can use your policy to regain the insured value of the car. In this way, the put option gains in value as the value of the underlying instrument decreases. If all goes well and the insurance is not needed, the insurance company keeps your premium in return for taking on the risk. With a Put option, you can quotinsurequot a stock by fixing a selling price. If something happens which causes the stock price to fall, and thus, quotdamagesquot your asset, you can exercise your option and sell it at its quotinsuredquot price level. If the price of your stock goes up, and there is no quotdamage, quot then you do not need to use the insurance, and, once again, your only cost is the premium. This is the primary function of listed options, to allow investors ways to manage risk. Types Of Expiration There are two different types of options with respect to expiration. There is a European style option and an American style option. The European style option cannot be exercised until the expiration date. Once an investor has purchased the option, it must be held until expiration. An American style option can be exercised at any time after it is purchased. Today, most stock options which are traded are American style options. And many index options are American style. However, there are many index options which are European style options. An investor should be aware of this when considering the purchase of an index option. Options Premiums An option Premium is the price of the option. It is the price you pay to purchase the option. For example, an XYZ May 30 Call (thus it is an option to buy Company XYZ stock) may have an option premium of Rs.2. This means that this option costs Rs. 200.00. Why Because most listed options are for 100 shares of stock, and all equity option prices are quoted on a per share basis, so they need to be multiplied times 100. More in-depth pricing concepts will be covered in detail in other section. Strike Price The Strike (or Exercise) Price is the price at which the underlying security (in this case, XYZ) can be bought or sold as specified in the option contract. For example, with the XYZ May 30 Call, the strike price of 30 means the stock can be bought for Rs. 30 per share. Were this the XYZ May 30 Put, it would allow the holder the right to sell the stock at Rs. 30 per share. Expiration Date The Expiration Date is the day on which the option is no longer valid and ceases to exist. The expiration date for all listed stock options in the U. S. is the third Friday of the month (except when it falls on a holiday, in which case it is on Thursday). For example, the XYZ May 30 Call option will expire on the third Friday of May. The strike price also helps to identify whether an option is in-the-money, at-the-money, or out-of-the-money when compared to the price of the underlying security. You will learn about these terms later. Exercising Options People who buy options have a Right, and that is the right to Exercise. For a Call exercise, Call holders may buy stock at the strike price (from the Call seller). For a Put exercise, Put holders may sell stock at the strike price (to the Put seller). Neither Call holders nor Put holders are obligated to buy or sell they simply have the rights to do so, and may choose to Exercise or not to Exercise based upon their own logic. Assignment of Options When an option holder chooses to exercise an option, a process begins to find a writer who is short the same kind of option (i. e. class, strike price and option type). Once found, that writer may be Assigned. This means that when buyers exercise, sellers may be chosen to make good on their obligations. For a Call assignment, Call writers are required to sell stock at the strike price to the Call holder. For a Put assignment, Put writers are required to buy stock at the strike price from the Put holder. Types of options There are two types of options - call and put. A call gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy the underlying instrument. A put gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to sell the underlying instrument. Selling a call means that you have sold the right, but not the obligation, for someone to buy something from you. Selling a put means that you have sold the right, but not the obligation, for someone to sell something to you. Strike price The predetermined price upon which the buyer and the seller of an option have agreed is the strike price, also called the exercise price or the striking price. Each option on a underlying instrument shall have multiple strike prices. In the money: Call option - underlying instrument price is higher than the strike price. Put option - underlying instrument price is lower than the strike price. Out of the money: Call option - underlying instrument price is lower than the strike price. Put option - underlying instrument price is higher than the strike price. At the money: The underlying price is equivalent to the strike price. Expiration day Options have finite lives. The expiration day of the option is the last day that the option owner can exercise the option. American options can be exercised any time before the expiration date at the owners discretion. Thus, the expiration and exercise days can be different. European options can only be exercised on the expiration day. Underlying Instrument A class of options is all the puts and calls on a particular underlying instrument. The something that an option gives a person the right to buy or sell is the underlying instrument. In case of index options, the underlying shall be an index like the Sensitive index (Sensex) or SampP CNX NIFTY or individual stocks. Liquidating an option An option can be liquidated in three ways A closing buy or sell, abandonment and exercising. Buying and selling of options are the most common methods of liquidation. An option gives the right to buy or sell a underlying instrument at a set price. Call option owners can exercise their right to buy the underlying instrument. The put option holders can exercise their right to sell the underlying instrument. Only options holders can exercise the option. In general, exercising an option is considered the equivalent of buying or selling the underlying instrument for a consideration. Options that are in-the-money are almost certain to be exercised at expiration. The only exceptions are those options that are less in-the-money than the transactions costs to exercise them at expiration. Most option exercise occur within a few days of expiration because the time premium has dropped to a negligible or non-existent level. An option can be abandoned if the premium left is less than the transaction costs of liquidating the same. Option Pricing Options prices are set by the negotiations between buyers and sellers. Prices of options are influenced mainly by the expectations of future prices of the buyers and sellers and the relationship of the options price with the price of the instrument. An option price or premium has two components. intrinsic value and time or extrinsic value. The intrinsic value of an option is a function of its price and the strike price. The intrinsic value equals the in-the-money amount of the option. The time value of an option is the amount that the premium exceeds the intrinsic value. Time value Option premium - intrinsic value. Beginners Guide to Option Trading and Investing in Call and Put Options Use of this website andor products amp services offered by us indicates your acceptance of our disclaimer. Disclaimer: Futures, option amp stock trading is a high risk activity. Any action you choose to take in the markets is totally your own responsibility. TradersEdgeIndia will not be liable for any, direct or indirect, consequential or incidental damages or loss arising out of the use of this information. This information is neither an offer to sell nor solicitation to buy any of the securities mentioned herein. The writers may or may not be trading in the securities mentioned. All names or products mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. Copyright TradersEdgeIndia All rights reserved. What optionbingo is about optionbingo provides suite of tools trading tips related to options strategies, NIFTY Intraday Trading. Users registered to the website can search and build tradable options strategies. These options strategies are created by combining various Stock or Index options available for trading in stock exchanges. Users can also search for individual stock or index options. Three main tools available are: StrategyFinder ndash Users can search options strategy based on specified parameters. Strategies from the search results can be picked and viewed. Users can also update selected strategies. StrategyBuilder ndash Users can build their own strategies by searching options and then combining selected options BingoBrowser ndash Users can search for individual stockindex options based on parameters specified. NIFTY Tips ndash This package is designed for NIFTY short term positional traders. NIFTY report with targets and stop-loss is uploaded by Sunday 2:00 PM. Can be used by traders interested in NIFTY Options, Futures or Options Strategies Options Tutorial ndash This package can be used by traders who want to learn options trading. Content includes lots of examples from Indian market context and includes concepts which are generally not included in popular text books. Complex topics are explained in easy manner Intraday Trading System ndash This package is designed for intraday traders. BuySell signals are generated on the screen during market hours. This is algo based trading system which uses statistical analytical techniques to analyze realtime demand and supply situation of the stock and identifies buysellexit opportunities. Another feature of this system is that it has inbuilt trailing stop loss management so that you dont lose out the profit you deserve. No need to download any software. A premium service from trader to trader. For more information refer tools sections or get yourself registered with us. What all exchanges are covered in the website Currently we are covering only National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) Are the strategies and prices displayed on the web-site are real time For Intraday system package prices are near real-time. For options strategies package prices are updated and options strategies are generated every fifteen minute during market hours. At what time of the day options strategies database gets updates Every fifteen minutes options prices are downloaded and options strategies are generated during market hours. It is the fixed price at which owner (buyer) of the CALL option can buy the underlying asset from option seller, no matter whatever is the current price of the underlying asset. Example, If strike price of Reliance CALL option is 1300 that means buyer of this option can buy Reliance stock at 1300 even if the current market price of the stock is higher (say 1500). In case of Put options, strike price is the price at which owner (buyer) of the PUT option can sell the underlying asset to the option seller, no matter whatever is the current price of the underlying asset. Example, if strike price of Reliance PUT option is 1300 that means buyer of this option can sell Reliance stock at 1300 even if the current market price of the stock is lower (say 1100). What is a premium The amount payable by the option buyer to the option writer (seller) for owning the option. The value of premium is determined by the market by demand and supply. It is also influenced by the price movement of the underlyer (stock, index etc). What is a lot size Options are traded in pre-defined lots. For example if you want to buy NIFTY options you have to buy in lots. In case of NIFTY, 1 lot 50 contracts. You can trade only whole number contracts like 1, 2, 3 and so on but not in fractions. What is options expiry People buy CALL option when they are bullish i. e. they anticipate that price of the underlying stock will move up. Letrsquos understand using an example. Suppose, todayrsquos date is 1-MAY-2008 and you buy a RELIANCE CALL option (strike2500, maturity June 2008) Rs. 50 per contract when RELIANCE stock was getting traded at 2400. Letrsquos see what happens after options expiration. Case I . Reliance stock price greater than the strike price. Reliance stock trading at 2600 on expiry day cut-off time Net profit (current price ndash strike price) - premium (2600 ndash 2500) -50 Rs. 50 per contract Case II . Reliance stock price less than strike price (2500) on expiry day cut-off time Net loss Premium paid Rs. 50 per contract So when you buy a CALL option you have unlimited profit potential but limited risk or downside. How can I benefit from buying Put option People buy PUT option when they are bearish i. e they anticipate that price of the underlying stock will go down. Letrsquos understand using an example. Suppose, todayrsquos date is 1-MAY-2008 and you buy a Reliance PUT option (strike2500, maturity June 2008) Rs. 50 per contract when RELIANCE stock was TRADING at 2600. Letrsquos see what happens after options expiration. Case I . Reliance stock price is less than the strike price. Reliance stock trading at 2400 on expiry day cut-off time Net Profit (Strike Price ndash Current Price) ndash premium 2500 ndash 2400 ndash 50 50 Case II . Reliance stock price gt strike price (2500) on expiry day cut-off time Net loss Premium paid Rs 50 per contract So, when you buy a PUT option you have unlimited profit potential but limited risk or downside. How can I benefit from selling a call option This is a bearish strategy. It has unlimited loss and limited profit potential. Selling options is not recommended for beginner level traders. Letrsquos understand it using an example. Suppose you want to SELL NIFTY call option (strike5000 expiration June 2008) on 1-MAY-2008 at 50 Rs per contract and NIFTY was trading at 4900 at that time. When you get a buyer for this contract you get paid Rs. 50 per contract and are credited to your account. Letrsquos see what happens after options expiration. Case I . NIFTY price lt strike price on expiry day cut-off time Net Profit 50 (Premium credited to your account when the trade was executed) Case II . NIFTY price gt strike price on expiry day cut-off time Net STRIKE price ndash Nifty cut-off PRICE PREMIUM Example. If NIFTY cut-off price 5025 61664 Net 5000 ndash 5025 50 Rs. 25 per contract(Profit) If NIFTY cut-off price 5100 61664 Net 5000 ndash 5100 50 Rs. -50 per contract (Loss) How can I benefit from selling put option This is a bullish strategy. It has unlimited loss and limited profit potential. Selling options is not recommended for beginner level traders. Letrsquos understand it using an example. Support you SELL a NIFTY PUT option (strike5000, expiration June 2008) on 1-MAY-2008 at 50 Rs per contract when NIFTY was trading at 5050. When you get a buyer for this contract you get paid Rs. 50 per contract and are credited to your account. Letrsquos see what happens after options expiration Case I . NIFTY price gt strike price on expiry day cut-off time Net Profit 50 (Premium credited to your account when the trade was executed) Case II . NIFTY price lt strike price on expiry day cut-off time Loss. STRIKE ndash Nifty cut-off price - PREMIUM Example. If NIFTY cut-off price 4950, Loss 5000 ndash 4900 - 50 50 (LOSS) If Nifty cut-off price 4975, Loss 5000 ndash 4975 - 50 -25 (PROFIT) The underlying asset covered by index options is not shares in a company, but rather, an underlying Rupee value equal to the index level multiplied by Lot size. The amount of cash received at upon exercise or expiration depends on the settlement value of the index in comparison to the strike price of the index option. In India Index options have EUROPEAN exercise style and Stock options are AMERICAN exercise style. For more details refer question on difference between EUROPEAN amp AMERICAL exercise styles. For questions regarding option exercise amp exercise styles please refer OPTION EXERCISE section. How can I find out if a particular option is American style or European style Refer nseindia. Under FampO section you can see contract information. If Option type is CE means CALL European style option, CA means CALL American style option, PE means PUT European style option, PA means PUT American style option. Are both American style and European style options available for trading in Indian markets A call option is out-of-money when its strike price is above the current market price of the underlier (stock). For example, if you bought a 5000 NIFTY CALL OPTION and NIFTY is trading at 4900 the call option is out of money. A Put option is out-of-money when its strike price is below the current market price of the underlier (stock). For example, if you bought a 5000 NIFTY PUT OPTION and NIFTY is trading at 5100 the put option is in-the-money. Intrinsic value can be defined as the amount by which the strike price of an option is in-the-money. Some people view it as the value that any given option would have if it were exercised today For Call options, Intrinsic value Current Stock price ndash Strike Price For Put Options, Intrinsic value Strike Price - Current Stock price Note intrinsic value cannot have negative value so minimum intrinsic value is 0 for an option What is time value of the option Time Value Option Price - Intrinsic Value Lets take an example: If stock XYZ is trading at Rs 105 and the XYZ 100 call option is trading at Rs 7, Intrinsic value 105 ndash 100 5 Time Value 7 ndash 5 2 So, we would say that this option has time value Rs 2 Different people view it in different manner. Generalizing it may not be a good idea. Many people interpret open interest as described below: Rise or fall in the open interest may be interpreted as an indicator of the future expectations of the market. A rising open interest number indicates that the present trend is likely to continue. If the open interest number is stagnant, then it may suggest that the market is in a cautious mode. If Open interest starts declining, then the market suggests a trend reversal mood. In a rising market, continuous decline of open interest indicates an expectation of downward movement. Similarly, in a falling market, the decline of open interest indicates that the market expects an upward trend. What is the difference between volume and open interest Volume is the number of contracts of a particular option contract that have traded on a given day, similar to it meaning the number of shares traded on a particular stock on a given day. Open interest is the number of option contracts for a particular stock at a specific strike price and a specific expiration date that were open at the close of trading on the prior trading day. While some traders look at this information as an indication of liquidity of a particular option or option chain, a more reliable indicator may be the tightness of the bid ask spread. A common misconception is that open interest is the same thing as volume of options and futures trades. This is not correct, as demonstrated in the following example SEBI regulation says that if the value of the declared dividend is more than 10 of the spot price of the underlyer stock on the dividend announcement day then the strike price of the stock options are refuced by the dividend amount. If the decalred dividend is less than 10 then there is no adjustment of for the dividend by the exchange. In this case market adjusts the price of the options considering the dividend announcement. What will happen if I hold an stock option and a decision is taken to remove that stock from Futures and options category All active contracts will continue to exist until the last day (as declared). After that no more contracts on this stock will available for trading. If you are holding such an option your position will be exercised and settled on last day. It is always advisable to check with your broker regarding such announcements. Options spreads are the basic building blocks of many options trading strategies. A spread position is entered by buying and selling equal number of options of the same class on the same underlying security but with different strike prices or expiration dates. Refer our StrategyFinder tool to see real tradable strategies which also includes spreads. Can an individual person be both long and short the exact same option at the same time If you do it from the same trading account it will offset each other. If you do it from different accounts then you will have a flat position from economic perspective. There is no visible advantage in doing so. If Delta is viewed as the lsquospeedrsquo of price movement of option relative to underlying then option Gamma can be viewed as the acceleration. Basically, Gamma measures the amount by which delta changes for a 1 point change in the stock price. For example, if Gamma of an option is 0.5, that means theoretically that with 1 point price movement of underlying the delta will move 0.5. Long calls and long puts have positive gamma whereas short calls and short puts have negative gamma. What is an option VEGA Vega can be interpreted as the amount by which the price of an option will change with 1 change in implied volatility of the underlying. One common scenario when option Vega changes is when there is a large movement in underlying price. Long calls and long puts both have positive vega where as short calls and short puts will always have negative Vega. What is an option THETA Option theta can be interpreted as change in the price of the option with one day decrease in the remaining life of the option. To put is simply it is a measure of time decay. Note that longer the life of an option, the higher will be the premium and vice versa. With each passing day the value of option decreases (considering all factors equal). What is theoretical value of an option When you want to buy an option you probably want to know what is the fair value of the option is and what should be the fair price of an option, whether the option is under-valued, over valued or rightly valued. You can get answers to these questions by calculating the theoretical value of an option. There are many mathematical models and formulas available which can be used. What are Binomial and Black-holes equations2. Why trade options 3. What instruments can be traded 4. Some types of Option strategies 5. How options are priced 6. How to evaluate different option trades 7. An idea about expected returns from options 1. Types of options At the basic level, there are 2 types of options: a) Call option (CE) - In simple terms, you buy call if bullish or sell call if bearish. b) Put option (PE) - Again simply put, you buy put if bearish or sell put if bullish. More specifically, this is what can be done depending on view on underlying stock: a) Stock expected to rise in short term - Buy call. b) Stock expected not to fall below a certain level - Sell puts of strike level below which you dont expect it to fall. c) Stock not expected to rise above a certain level - Sell calls of strike level above which you dont expect stock to rise. d) Stock expected to fall - Buy puts. Now, what is stated in above 4 points, form the basic building blocks of 100s of option strategies for e. g. if you expect stock to be range bound you can initiate a Short Straddle or Short Strangle (you sell both call amp put). some details about some strategies in 3rd section. Based on option price w. r.t price of underlying stockindex, there are 3 types of options: a) OTM - Out of money options - e. g. if NIFTY is trading at 5317 currently, all CEs above strike of 5300 i. e. 5400, 5500, 5600 etc are OTM options. Similarly all puts below 5300 are OTM. b) ATM - At the money - Options where strike price is same as price of underlying stockindex. e. g. Coal India is trading at about 340. So, 340 CE amp PE are ATM options. c) ITM - In the money - These are CEs where strike is below spot (spot is current price of underlying stockindex) or PEs where strike is above spot e. g. all CEs below 5400 are ITM. 2. Why trade Options One advantage of option trading as compared to stock trading is the amount of flexibility, you have lots of option strategies to make money in any kind of market - a) Stocks going up b) Stocks going down c) Stocks remaining stagnant or range bound (These have been my favorites over last 1 year or so) Another advantage is that your money is always liquid. This being a long term investment group, this may not be a consideration for people, but to make money from stocks, you need to block your capital for comparatively longer period of time. Whereas, in options, mostly trades are held maximum till expiry of current month, which is last Thursday of every month. So, you make money without really blocking your capital. Disadvantage of option trading as compared to stocks: There is no free lunch Higher returns came at the cost of higher risk. Derivatives are complex structures amp proper risk management needs to be in place. So, expectedly, you need to have a good knowledge about the nature of stock movement, this is where knowledge of technicals come into picture. For example for case (c) of making money from range bound stocks, following technical characteristics can be used: a) See if price is oscillating within a channel i. e. not really trending in up or down direction. b) Momentum indicators like RSI or directional indicators like ADX can give an idea if stock is trending or not. c) Check supportresistance levels, moving averages etc. So, OI gives indications in addition to the technicals checked earlier. But please note that these are just indicative, nothing more. If we look at Option Chain for NIFTY for this month, support comes at 5200 amp resistance is at 5600 as these have highest OI build up for puts amp calls respectively. 3. What instruments can be traded All FNO stocks amp major indices like NIFTY, BANKNIFTY etc can be traded. But in Indian stock market, most of the stock options are illiquid amp hence pose a big risk of getting stuck in case stock makes an unfavorable movement. So, always trade in liquid options. Some of the stocks which are amply liquid are - Reliance, Bharti, DLF, Coal India, Infy, Tata Steel etc. Out of some 200 FnO stocks, there are about 40-45 stocks where current month options are reasonably liquid. So, do not trade outside of these instruments. NIFTY is a great instrument for options trading for following reasons: a) Highly liquid. b) Huge option of strikes (5300, 5400, 5500 etc) available which can be used in different option strategies. c) Even options of next few months are reasonably liquid which can be used in strategies like Calendar Spreads where you combine options of this month amp next month expiries. 4. Some types of Option Strategies There are many option strategies to pick from, depending on your view about the underlying. Just to give an idea how strategies can be picked based on view on underlying, HERE some simple strategies: a) Short Straddle - Sell both calls amp puts of same strike. Here we expect stock to remain stagnant or within a small range. Let us again take example of CoalIndia. It is trading at 342. Its 340 CE for current expiry is trading at 8.2 amp 340 PE is trading at 5.05. We sell both call amp put amp get a total premium of 85Rs 13. If CoalIndia remains at 340, our profit is Rs 13000 per lot (Coal India has a lot size of 1000). Also, if Coal India remains between 340 - 13 amp 340 13 i. e. between range 327 - 353, well make some profit. b) Short Strangle - Sell call amp put of different strikes - If we expect range for CoalIndia to be 320-360 from today till expiry (29th March), sell 320 CE amp 360 PE. If CoalIndia indeed stays between this range for next 2 weeks, our profit will be Rs 3000 per lot (Rs 2 from 360 CE Rs 1 from 320 PE). C) Bull Spread - Here buy a CE amp sell CE of a higher strike - This is for stocks where we feel stock will have a spurt of 5-10. So, we can buy a ATM CE amp sell higher OTM CE. e. g. if we will DishTV can move up to 60 from here before expiry, we can buy 55 CE for Rs 2 amp sell 60 CE for Rs 0.85. So, our net outflow is Rs 1.15 per lot. This means that well make guaranteed money if DishTV closes above 551.15 56.15 before expiry. Also, Rs 1.15 per lot is the maximum loss that we can have. d) Bear Spread - Similar to Bull Spread, but here view is bearish amp we create a spread with puts. e) Long StraddleStrangle - Here we buy both CE amp PE expecting a big move in either direction but were not sure of the direction of move. For e. g. just before budget, one can initiate a long straddlestrangle if we believe if market will make a decisive move based on budget announcements. 5. How options are priced Option premiumprice consists of 2 parts: a) Intrinsic value - Represents money-ness of options (This can be compared with Book Value in case of stocks :)). b) Time value Let us take example of NIFTY 5300 CE for current month, trading at 61 (as of 183), whereas NIFTY is at 5318. In this case, out of Rs 61, Rs 18 (5318 - 5300) is intrinsic value amp Rs 43 (61 - 18) is time value premium. It is very important to note that by the expiry, every option value is same as its intrinsic value i. e. its time value premium becomes 0. So, if NIFTY closes at 5318 by expiry, 5300 CE will close at Rs 18. 5400 CE will close at 0. Now next obvious question is how time value premium is determined. This is where Option Greeks come into picture. Following greeks are the factors that determine time value premium: a) Delta - Delta represents correlation of option price with price of underlying. Delta is different for OTM, ATM amp ITM options. b) Vega - This represents correlation with volatility. Higher the volatility, higher will be contribution to time value premium. c) Theta - This represents decay in the time value premium with time. Remember by the expiry, time value premium will become zero. So, this determines how it will converge to zero provided other greeks do not change. d) Gamma - Represents acceleration There is also Implied Volatility (IV) that is evaluated from current option price. It can be compared with historical volatility to get an idea about the option valuation. (similar to way we compare current PE with historical PE of a stock :)) You dont really need to get into greeks (except theta) when it comes to option trading in stocks. But vega is really important. For NIFTY, use VIX (available on NSE website) for vega. Higher VIX means higher option premiums. So, when VIX is high, it is a good time to write options provided you are confident about short term supportresistance levels of NIFTY. 6. How to evaluate different option trades Consider following before initiating any option trade: a) Investment required incase of a Debit strategy i. e. you are buying an option b) Maximum profit potential - This is limited incase an option is sold for e. g. if you sell CoalIndia 320 PE 1.1, Rs 1100 is your maximum profit potential per lot. c) Maximum loss risk - Incase option is bought, premium paid is the maximum loss. But if option is sold, loss can be the theoretically unlimited d) Breakeven point - Again lets say you buy CoalIndia 340 CE option Rs 8.2 assuming a bullish view. In this case, breakeven occurs at 348.2. So, youll make money only if CoalIndia closes above 348.2 by expiry. e) Return if stock price remains unchanged 7. An idea about expected returns from options one can make consistently returns of 5-6 per month trading full time . If compounded annually over 12 months, this translates into annual returns of about 100. I dont trade full time due to my hectic job but manage to generate positive cash flow whenever Ive time to trade. Of course, derivative trading also has its own risks amp it can cause huge loses if not properly managed. So, risk management amp money management are most important aspects as with normal stock trading. Let me take a simple example of naked put writing trade (naked writing is risky for beginners) to illustrate how monthly returns of 5-6 can be generated. Consider NIFTY currently at 5318. Now, it is a reasonable view that NIFTY will not go below 5100 by expiry (which is 9 trading sessions away) So, one call sell 5100 PE which is currently trading at Rs 23.45. So, if NIFTY closes above 5100 by expiry, this sold put will reduce to zero amp money made per lot would be 23.45 x 50 Rs 1172. Margin requirement per lot for writing 5100 PE is Rs 18354 (Please note that margin needs to be blocked for option writing). So, percentage returns in this trade 1172 18354 6.3. So, in 9 days you can make maximum of 6.3 profit. Also, since you get a premium of 23 by selling 5100 PE, means you will start making loss if NIFTY closes below 5100 - 23 5077 by expiry. In my view Zerodha is the best brokerage house in India, have been using their services for year now. I referred Zerodha to one of my friend last month and a few days back he came to me saying, 39Abhishek, Zerodha is the best broker I have ever traded with, you should know I just loved itquot. he was so impressed by Zerodha pi, back office support and trading platforms that since then he has been referring Zerodha to all. the best thing about Zerodha is their industry leading brokerage of 0.01 for intraday and 0.1 for delivery for options its just Rs. 20 per trade means you can trade even 10 lots or 100 or more for just flat fee of Rs. 20. ti comes out to be 70-80 less compared to traditional brokers. and if you open your account through this website you can also get training material and services worth Rs. 6000 for free. Click here to visit the website now In my view Zerodha is the best brokerage house in India, have been using their services for year now. I referred Zerodha to one of my friend last month and a few days back he came to me saying, 39Abhishek, Zerodha is the best broker I have ever traded with, you should know I just loved itquot. he was so impressed by Zerodha pi, back office support and trading platforms that since then he has been referring Zerodha to all. the best thing about Zerodha is their industry leading brokerage of 0.01 for intraday and 0.1 for delivery for options its just Rs. 20 per trade means you can trade even 10 lots or 100 or more for just flat fee of Rs. 20. ti comes out to be 70-80 less compared to traditional brokers. and if you open your account through this website you can also get training material and services worth Rs. 6000 for free. Click here to visit the website now Thank you for this great read. The influence of technology on economy can never be underestimated. It can aptly be accounted as a major factor that has transformed the perspective of global economy over the past few decades. While the use of Internet continues to grow at break neck speed, ideas like e-commerce have become viable enough, to strike a chord with the net-savvy generation. The affordability and awareness level of people have gone up tremendously contributing to their changing consumer habits. Thus fulfilling of 8216unlimited wants through limited means8217 becomes possible only when money is properly managed and controlled. Stock trading provides a great option for investment and control of money. Being a Mcx tips provider I can say that stock market is a good business to earn. First study hard earn hard and then help other to understand the market. What are STOCK OPTIONS Stock Options can be attractive as Stock Options offer investors community a potentially large profit in Stock Options from a relatively small investment with a known and predetermined risk. Stock Option buyer knows in advance that the most Stock Option buyers can lose is the price the Stock Option buyer has paid for the Stock Option. Stock Options are of two types - Stock Call Option and Stock Put Option. Stock Options Call: Stock Options Call is the right to buy a certain number of shares of a certain stock at a stated price within a given period of time. The Stock Option buyer pays to the Writer (seller of Stock Option) of the option a sum of money which is kept by the Stock Option Seller whether the Stock Option Call is executed or not. This is known as the premium. Stock Options Put: Stock Options Put gives you the right to sell short a particular stock at a fixed price. Stock Options trading strategies are ways in which a trader can stop or reduce assets with a high probability of ending out of the money. When an asset being traded ends up out of the money, it means that the trader will not gain anything from his initial investment. On the other hand, finishing in the money will give him back his original investment plus the profit that is derived from it. Considering the nature of the trading industry, taking risks is what keeps traders from earning from it. Therefore it is only normal to take that kind of financial peril if anyone wants to squeeze some money out of trading platforms. But the good thing about taking risks now is that trading strategies are here to manipulate the game right at the moment when you feel like bad luck is at your side. The market strategies are divided in categories describing the performance of the market: bearish, bullish, or neutral. When the market is bearish, a trader can choose among buying a put, selling a call, buying a vertical bear put spread, or selling a vertical bull call spread. Bullish markets, on the other hand, have the opposite strategies which are constituted by buying a call, selling a put, buying a vertical bull call spread and selling a vertical bear put spread. WHAT ARE STOCK FUTURES Stock Futures are financial contracts where the underlying asset is an individual stock. Stock Future contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specified quantity of underlying equity share for a future date at a price agreed upon between the buyer and seller. The contracts have standardized specifications like market lot, expiry day, and unit of price quotation, tick size and method of settlement. Stock futures are settled in cash. The final settlement price is the closing price of the underlying stock. Stock futures have changed the Indian Stock Market scenario. Stock Futures news, Stock Futures Trend, Nifty Trends, Nifty Levels, Derivatives, Top Gainers in Intraday, Day Trading, Top Losers in Intraday, Day Trading can be found at NSE Stock Exchange, BSE Stock Exchange. sweet twitter BINGI SHANKAR BOLA 16 yrs of professional trading experience SPECIALISTS IN OPTION TIPS - HIGH ACCURACY RATE Live calls are provided based on technical analysis for the investor community to watch the scripts and learn the technical analysis for their benefit. All data provided here at this blog rajkamalstockoptions. blogspot amp rajkamalstockoptions are only information services for investors and are not individualized recommendations to buy or sell securities, nor offers to buy or sell securities. The publishers of reports, reviews and analysis under rajkamalstockoptions. blogspot amp rajkamalstockoptions are not acting in any way to influence the purchase or sale of securities. The information provided is obtained from sources deemed reliable from purely technical analysis but is not guaranteed as to accuracy or completeness or as to the results obtained by individuals using such information. These recommendations are based on the theory of technical analysis and personal observations. This does not claim for profit amp Loss. We are not responsible for any losses made by traders. It is only the outlook of the market with reference to its previous performance. We do not hold any positions in any of our given calls. Visiting our website or blog one should agree to our terms and condition and disclaimer also.
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